Pụrụ Ichelaser dị oke ọsọakụkụ nke abụọ
Mgbasa na mgbasa nke obi: Mgbasa nke igbu oge otu
Otu n'ime nsogbu teknụzụ kachasị sie ike a na-enweta mgbe a na-eji laser ultrafast bụ ịnọgide na-enwe oge mkpali ultra-short nke mbụ na-ewepụta.laser. Mkpọtụ Ultrafast na-adị mfe ịgbanwe oge, nke na-eme ka mkọtụ ahụ dị ogologo. Mmetụta a na-aka njọ ka oge mkọtụ mbụ na-ebelata. Ọ bụ ezie na laser ultrafast nwere ike ịpụta mkọtụ na-ewe sekọnd 50, enwere ike ịbawanye ha ka oge na-aga site na iji enyo na lensị iji ziga mkọtụ ahụ na ebe achọrọ ya, ma ọ bụ ọbụna bufee mkọtụ ahụ site na ikuku.
A na-atụle mgbanwe oge a site na iji usoro a na-akpọ otu dispersion delayed (GDD), nke a makwaara dị ka mgbasa nke abụọ. N'ezie, enwerekwa okwu mgbasa nke nwere ike imetụta nkesa oge nke ultrafart-laser pulses, mana n'omume, ọ na-ezukarị naanị inyocha mmetụta nke GDD. GDD bụ uru dabere na ugboro ole nke dabara na ọkpụrụkpụ nke ihe enyere. Optics nnyefe dị ka lenses, window, na ihe ebumnuche na-enwekarị uru GDD dị mma, nke na-egosi na ozugbo pulses agbakọrọ aka nwere ike inye optics nnyefe ogologo oge pulse karịa nke ndị sitere na ya.sistemụ laserIhe ndị nwere obere ugboro (ya bụ, ogologo ogologo) na-agbasa ngwa ngwa karịa ihe ndị nwere ugboro ugboro dị elu (ya bụ, ogologo ogologo dị mkpụmkpụ). Ka mkpali ahụ na-agafe ihe ka ukwuu, ogologo ogologo dị na mkpali ahụ ga-anọgide na-agbatịkwu n'oge. Maka obere oge mkpali, ya mere, bandwidth sara mbara, mmetụta a na-abawanye ụba ma nwee ike ibute nnukwu mgbanwe oge mkpali.
Ngwa laser dị oke ọsọ
spectroscopy
Kemgbe mmalite nke isi mmalite laser dị oke ọsọ, spectroscopy abụrụla otu n'ime ebe ha na-eji ya eme ihe. Site n'ibelata oge mkpali ruo femtosekọnd ma ọ bụ ọbụna attosekọnd, enwere ike imezu usoro ike na physics, kemistri na bayoloji nke na-agaghị ekwe omume ịhụ ugbu a. Otu n'ime usoro dị mkpa bụ mmegharị atọm, na ilele mmegharị atọm emeela ka nghọta sayensị nke usoro ndị bụ isi dị ka vibration molecular, dissociation molecular na nnyefe ike na protein photosynthetic dịkwuo mma.
onyonyo ihe dị ndụ
Lasers ultrafast nke nwere ike kachasị elu na-akwado usoro ndị na-abụghị ahịrị ma na-emeziwanye mkpebi maka onyonyo bayọlọji, dịka igwe onyonyo multi-photon. Na sistemụ multi-photon, iji mepụta akara na-abụghị ahịrị site na ihe gbasara bayọlọji ma ọ bụ ihe mgbaru ọsọ fluorescent, foton abụọ ga-ejikọtarịrị n'ime oghere na oge. Usoro a na-abụghị ahịrị na-eme ka mkpebi onyonyo ka mma site na ibelata akara fluorescent ndabere nke na-emebi ọmụmụ ihe gbasara usoro otu-photon. E gosipụtara ndabere akara dị mfe. Mpaghara mkpali pere mpe nke igwe onyonyo multiphoton na-egbochikwa nsị foto ma na-ebelata mmebi na ihe nlele ahụ.
Foto nke 1: Ihe atụ eserese nke ụzọ osisi n'ime nnwale igwe onyonyo foton dị iche iche
Nhazi ihe laser
Isi mmalite laser dị oke ọsọ agbanweela usoro nhazi laser na nhazi ihe n'ihi ụzọ pụrụ iche nke ultrashort pulses si ejikọta na ihe. Dịka ekwuru na mbụ, mgbe a na-atụle LDT, oge ultrafast pulse dị ngwa karịa oge mgbasa okpomọkụ n'ime lattice nke ihe ahụ. Ultrafast lasers na-emepụta obere mpaghara metụtara okpomọkụ karịalasers nanosecond pulsed, na-ebute mbelata mfu nke mbepụ na nhazi ziri ezi karị. Ụkpụrụ a metụtakwara ojiji ahụike, ebe mmụba nke izi ezi nke ịkpụ laser ultrafart na-enyere aka belata mmebi nke anụ ahụ gbara ya gburugburu ma melite ahụmịhe onye ọrịa n'oge ịwa ahụ laser.
Attosecond pulses: ọdịnihu nke lasers ultrafast
Ka nnyocha na-aga n'ihu na-aga n'ihu na-eme ka lasers dị ngwa ngwa, a na-emepụta isi mmalite ọkụ ọhụrụ na nke ka mma yana obere oge mkpali. Iji nweta nghọta n'ime usoro anụ ahụ ngwa ngwa, ọtụtụ ndị nchọpụta na-elekwasị anya na mmepụta nke attosecond pulses - ihe dị ka 10-18 s na oke ogologo ultraviolet (XUV). Attosecond pulses na-enye ohere ka a na-enyocha mmegharị eletrọn ma melite nghọta anyị banyere nhazi eletrọnịkị na usoro quantum. Ọ bụ ezie na njikọta nke XUV attosecond lasers na usoro ụlọ ọrụ emebeghị ọganihu dị ukwuu, nnyocha na ọganihu na-aga n'ihu n'ọhịa ga-eme ka teknụzụ a pụọ n'ụlọ nyocha ma banye n'ime mmepụta, dịka ọ dị na femtosecond na picosecondisi mmalite laser.
Oge ozi: Juun-25-2024