Ụkpụrụ na ọnọdụ ugbu a nkefotodetector nke oke mmiri ozuzo (Onye nyocha foto APD) Akụkụ nke Abụọ
2.2 APD mgbawa Ọdịdị
Nhazi mgbawa ezi uche dị na ya bụ nkwa bụ isi nke ngwaọrụ arụmọrụ dị elu.Nhazi nhazi nke APD na-eleba anya na oge RC mgbe niile, ijide oghere na heterojunction, oge ụgbọ njem site na mpaghara nkwụsị na ihe ndị ọzọ.A chịkọtara mmepe nke ihe owuwu ya n'okpuru:
(1) Nhazi ntọala
Usoro APD kachasị mfe na-adabere na PIN photodiode, mpaghara P na mpaghara N na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo elu, na ụdị N-ụdị ma ọ bụ P-ụdị okpukpu abụọ na-ewebata mpaghara P ma ọ bụ mpaghara N dị nso iji mepụta electrons abụọ na oghere. ụzọ abụọ, nke mere na-aghọta mmụba nke isi photocurrent.N'ihi na InP usoro ihe, n'ihi na oghere mmetụta ionization ọnụọgụ dị ukwuu karịa eletrọn mmetụta ionization ọnụọgụ, uru mpaghara nke N-ụdị doping na-emekarị etinye na P mpaghara.N'ọnọdụ dị mma, ọ bụ naanị oghere ka a na-agbanye n'ime mpaghara uru, n'ihi ya, a na-akpọ ihe owuwu a nke nwere oghere.
(2) A na-amata absorption na uru
N'ihi njiri mara ọdịiche dị obosara nke InP (InP bụ 1.35eV na InGaAs bụ 0.75eV), a na-ejikarị InP eme ihe dị ka ihe mpaghara uru yana InGaAs dị ka ihe mpaghara absorption.
(3) A na-atụpụta usoro nnabata, gradient na uru (SAGM) n'otu n'otu
Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọtụtụ ngwaọrụ APD azụmahịa na-eji ihe InP / InGaAs, InGaAs dị ka oyi akwa absorption, InP n'okpuru ebe eletrik dị elu (> 5x105V / cm) na-enweghị mmebi, enwere ike iji ya dị ka ihe na-enweta mpaghara.Maka ihe a, imewe nke APD a bụ na usoro avalanche na-etolite na ụdị N-ụdị InP site na nkukota oghere.N'ịtụle nnukwu ọdịiche dị na ọdịiche dị n'etiti InP na InGaAs, ike dị iche iche nke ihe dị ka 0.4eV na valence band na-eme ka oghere ndị a na-emepụta na InGaAs absorption oyi akwa na-egbochi n'akụkụ heterojunction tupu ya erute oyi akwa InP na-agba ọsọ na ọsọ ọsọ dị ukwuu. belatara, na-ebute ogologo oge nzaghachi na bandwit dị warara nke APD a.Enwere ike idozi nsogbu a site na ịgbakwunye oyi akwa mgbanwe InGaAsP n'etiti ihe abụọ ahụ.
(4) A na-atụpụta ụkpụrụ nnabata, gradient, ụgwọ na uru (SAGCM) n'otu n'otu.
Iji nwetakwuo nhazi nkesa ọkụ eletrik nke oyi akwa absorption na uru bara uru, a na-ebute oyi akwa mkpuchi n'ime imewe ngwaọrụ, nke na-eme ka ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa na nzaghachi ngwa ngwa dịkwuo mma.
(5) Resonator emelitere (RCE) Ọdịdị SAGCM
N'ime nhazi kachasị mma nke dị n'elu nke ndị nchọpụta ọdịnala, anyị ga-eche ihu n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na ọkpụrụkpụ nke oyi akwa absorption bụ ihe na-emegiderịta onwe ya maka ọsọ ngwaọrụ na arụmọrụ quantum.Ọkpụrụkpụ dị mkpa nke oyi akwa na-adọrọ adọrọ nwere ike ibelata oge mbufe ụgbọ, yabụ enwere ike nweta nnukwu bandwidth.Otú ọ dị, n'otu oge ahụ, iji nweta arụmọrụ quantum dị elu, oyi akwa absorption kwesịrị inwe oke zuru oke.Ihe ngwọta maka nsogbu a nwere ike ịbụ oghere resonant (RCE), ya bụ, Bragg Reflector (DBR) na-ekesa na-emepụta na ala na n'elu ngwaọrụ.Ngosipụta DBR nwere ụdị ihe abụọ nwere index refractive dị ala yana nrụnye dị elu na nhazi ya, ha abụọ na-eto eto ọzọ, na ọkpụrụkpụ nke oyi akwa ọ bụla na-ezute ihe ahụ merenụ ìhè wavelength 1/4 na semiconductor.The resonator Ọdịdị nke onye na-achọpụta ihe nwere ike izute ọsọ chọrọ, ọkpụrụkpụ nke absorption oyi akwa nwere ike dị nnọọ mkpa, na quantum arụmọrụ nke eletrọn na-abawanye mgbe ọtụtụ echiche.
(6) Nhazi ntuziaka ebili mmiri jikọtara ọnụ (WG-APD)
Ngwọta ọzọ iji dozie esemokwu dị iche iche nke nha oyi akwa absorption na ọsọ ngwaọrụ yana arụmọrụ quantum bụ iwebata n'usoro ihe eji ebugharị ebili mmiri jikọtara ọnụ.Ihe owuwu a na-abanye n'ìhè site n'akụkụ, n'ihi na oyi akwa nke absorption dị ogologo ogologo, ọ dị mfe ịnweta arụmọrụ quantum dị elu, ma n'otu oge ahụ, a na-eme ka oyi akwa na-eme ka ọ dị ntakịrị, na-ebelata oge njem ụgbọ mmiri.Ya mere, ihe owuwu a na-edozi ndabere dị iche iche nke bandwit na arụmọrụ na ọkpụrụkpụ nke oyi akwa absorption, a na-atụkwa anya na ọ ga-enweta ọnụ ọgụgụ dị elu na nnukwu arụmọrụ APD.Usoro WG-APD dị mfe karịa nke RCE APD, nke na-ewepụ usoro nkwadebe mgbagwoju anya nke enyo DBR.Ya mere, ọ ga-ekwe omume na mpaghara bara uru ma dị mma maka njikọ anya ụgbọelu nkịtị.
3. Nkwubi okwu
Mmepe nke oke oke mmirifotodetectora na-enyocha ihe na ngwaọrụ.Ọnụ ọgụgụ ionization electron na oghere nke ihe InP dị nso na nke InAlAs, nke na-eduga n'usoro okpukpu abụọ nke symbions ndị na-ebu ụgbọ elu, nke na-eme ka nnukwu ụlọ na-ewu oge na-adị ogologo oge na ụzụ na-abawanye.E jiri ya tụnyere ihe InAlAs dị ọcha, InGaAs (P) / InAlAs na In (Al) GaAs / InAlAs quantum well structures nwere mmụba nke ọnụọgụ ionization nke nkukota, ya mere enwere ike gbanwee arụmọrụ mkpọtụ nke ukwuu.N'ihe banyere nhazi, resonator enhanced (RCE) SAGCM Ọdịdị na onu-ejikọta ọnụ waveguide Ọdịdị (WG-APD) na-mepụtara iji dozie esemokwu nke dị iche iche mmetụta nke absorption oyi akwa na ngwa ngwa na quantum arụmọrụ.N'ihi mgbagwoju anya nke usoro ahụ, ọ dị mkpa ka enyochakwu ngwa ngwa nke ihe owuwu abụọ a.
Oge nzipu: Nov-14-2023