Echiche nke integrated optics bụ nke Dr. Miller nke Bell Laboratories wepụtara na 1969. Integrated optics bụ isiokwu ọhụrụ nke na-amụ ma na-emepụta ngwaọrụ anya na sistemụ ngwa eletrọnịkị ngwakọ site na iji ụzọ agbakwunyere dabere na optoelectronics na microelectronics. Ntọala echiche nke integrated optics bụ optics na optoelectronics, gụnyere wave optics na information optics, nonlinear optics, semiconductor optoelectronics, kristal optics, thin film optics, guided wave optics, coupled mode and parametric interaction theory, thin film optical waveguide devices and systems. Ntọala teknụzụ bụ isi teknụzụ fim dị gịrịgịrị na microelectronics. Ubi ngwa nke integrated optics sara mbara nke ukwuu, na mgbakwunye na nkwukọrịta eriri anya, fiber sensing technology, optical information processing, optical computer and optical storage, enwere ubi ndị ọzọ, dị ka nnyocha sayensị ihe, ngwa anya, nnyocha spectral.
Nke mbụ, uru anya agbakwunyere
1. Tụnyere sistemụ ngwaọrụ anya pụrụ iche
Ngwaọrụ anya dị iche iche bụ ụdị ngwaọrụ anya nke edobere n'elu ikpo okwu buru ibu ma ọ bụ ntọala anya iji mepụta sistemụ anya. Nha nke sistemụ ahụ dị n'usoro nke 1m2, ọkpụrụkpụ nke ogwe osisi ahụ dịkwa ihe dị ka 1cm. Na mgbakwunye na nnukwu nha ya, njikọta na nhazi ya na-esikwa ike karị. Sistemụ anya agbakwunyere nwere uru ndị a:
1. Ebili mmiri ọkụ na-agbasa n'ime ndị na-eduzi ebili mmiri anya, ebili mmiri ọkụ dịkwa mfe ijikwa ma nọgide na-enwe ike ha.
2. Njikọta na-eweta ọnọdụ kwụsiri ike. Dịka ekwuru n'elu, ngwa anya agbakwunyere na-atụ anya ime ọtụtụ ngwaọrụ n'otu ihe owuwu ahụ, yabụ enweghị nsogbu njikọta nke ngwa anya dị iche iche nwere, ka njikọta ahụ wee nwee ike ịkwụsi ike, ka ọ na-agbanwekwa ihe ndị metụtara gburugburu ebe obibi dịka ịma jijiji na okpomọkụ.
(3) A na-ebelata nha ngwaọrụ na ogologo mmekọrịta; Ngwaọrụ eletrọniki ndị metụtara ya na-arụkwa ọrụ na obere voltaji.
4. Ike dị elu. Ìhè a na-ekesa n'akụkụ ebili mmiri dị naanị n'obere oghere dị n'ógbè ahụ, nke na-eme ka ike dị elu nke anya dị elu, nke dị mfe iru oke ọrụ ngwaọrụ dị mkpa ma rụọ ọrụ na mmetụta anya na-abụghị ahịrị.
5. A na-ejikọtakarị anya ndị a na-ejikọta ọnụ na ihe dị ka sentimita, nke dị obere ma dịkwa mfe ibu.
2. Ntụnyere na sekit agbakọtara
Uru nke njikọta anya nwere ike kewaa ụzọ abụọ, otu bụ iji dochie sistemụ eletrọnịkị agbakọtara (sekit agbakọtara) na sistemụ anya agbakọtara (sekit agbakọtara); nke ọzọ metụtara eriri anya na nduzi optical plane nke na-eduzi ebili mmiri ọkụ kama waya ma ọ bụ eriri coaxial iji zipu mgbaàmà ahụ.
N'ụzọ anya ejikọtara ọnụ, a na-akpụ ihe anya n'elu ihe mkpuchi wafer ma jikọta ya site na ndị nduzi optical nke e mepụtara n'ime ma ọ bụ n'elu ihe mkpuchi ahụ. Ụzọ anya ejikọtara ọnụ, nke na-ejikọta ihe anya n'otu ihe mkpuchi ahụ n'ụdị ihe nkiri dị gịrịgịrị, bụ ụzọ dị mkpa isi dozie obere nhazi nke sistemụ anya mbụ ma melite arụmọrụ zuru oke. Ngwaọrụ ejikọtara ọnụ nwere uru dị ka obere nha, arụmọrụ kwụsiri ike na nke a pụrụ ịtụkwasị obi, arụmọrụ dị elu, obere oriri ike na ojiji dị mfe.
N'ozuzu, uru dị na iji sekit anya agbakọtara dochie sekit agbakọtara gụnyere mmụba nke bandwidth, multiplexing nkewa ogologo ebili mmiri, mgbanwe multiplex, obere mfu njikọ, obere nha, ibu dị mfe, obere oriri ike, ezigbo nchekwa ogbe, na ntụkwasị obi dị elu. N'ihi mmekọrịta dị iche iche dị n'etiti ìhè na ihe, enwere ike imezu ọrụ ngwaọrụ ọhụrụ site na iji mmetụta anụ ahụ dị iche iche dịka mmetụta fotoelectric, mmetụta electro-optical, mmetụta acousto-optical, mmetụta magneto-optical, mmetụta thermo-optical na ndị ọzọ na nhazi nke ụzọ anya agbakọtara.
2. Nnyocha na itinye ihe anya agbakọtara n'ọrụ
A na-ejikarị anya agbakọta eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe dịka ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, agha na akụnụba, mana a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe n'akụkụ ndị a:
1. Nkwurịta okwu na netwọk anya
Ngwaọrụ ejikọtara anya bụ ihe dị mkpa iji nweta netwọk nkwukọrịta anya dị elu na nnukwu ikike, gụnyere isi iyi laser mmeghachi omume dị elu, usoro nhazi waveguide grating array dense wavelength division multiplexer, narrowband response integrated photodetector, routing wavelength converter, fast response optical switching matrix, low loss multiple access waveguide beam splitter na ndị ọzọ.
2. Kọmputa fotonik
Kọmputa a na-akpọ photon bụ kọmputa nke na-eji ìhè eme ihe dị ka ụzọ nnyefe ozi. Photon bụ bosons, nke na-enweghị chaja eletriki, ìhè nwere ike ịgafe n'otu akụkụ ma ọ bụ gafere n'enweghị mmetụta, nke nwere ikike ebumpụta ụwa nke nhazi parallel dị ukwuu. Kọmputa Photonic nwekwara uru nke nnukwu ikike nchekwa ozi, ikike mgbochi nnyonye anya siri ike, obere ihe achọrọ maka ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi, na ndidi siri ike na-enweghị nsogbu. Ihe ndị bụ isi na-arụ ọrụ nke kọmputa photonic bụ switches optical integrated na components integrated optical logic.
3. Ngwa ndị ọzọ, dịka ihe nhazi ozi anya, ihe mmetụta eriri optic, ihe mmetụta eriri optic, ihe mmetụta eriri optic, wdg.
Oge ozi: Juun-28-2023