Twlọ Ọrụ TweseCond x-ray Laser

Twlọ Ọrụ TweseCond x-ray Laser
Attosecond x-rayPeel LaserSite na ike dị elu na obere oge udu mmiri bụ igodo iji mezue ultrafast na-enweghị atụ onyonyo nke X-ray. Ndị otu nyocha na United States ji ihe ruru abụọX-ray lasers lasersime ka mmepụta ahụ dị iche iche. E jiri ya tụnyere akụkọ dị adị, ike dị elu nke pulses na-abawanye site na usoro nke ịdị ukwuu, ike kachasị elu bụ 1.1 TWE, na ike Median bụ ihe karịrị 100 μJ. Ọmụmụ ihe na-enyekwa akaebe siri ike maka sollon - dị ka omume karịrị nke Soliton na mpaghara X-ray.Lasers dị eluemeela ka ọtụtụ ebe nyocha ọhụrụ nke nyocha, gụnyere physics dị elu, a na-ahụ maka ihe nlereanya, na akwa akwa. N'ime ụdị lasers niile, a na-eji ọtụtụ ụzarị X-ray n'ọtụtụ nyocha, nchọpụta ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, nyocha nchekwa na nyocha sayensị. Igwe elektrọn nke X-ray free-akparama (XFel) nwere ike iwelie ike kachasị elu X-ray site na teknụzụ nke X-ray dị iche iche n'echiche na-enweghị ike na-atụ anya ebe a chọrọ ike dị elu. Ihe ịga nke ọma na-adịbeghị anya na-aga n'ihu na Countecond XFel bụ nnukwu nnweta na Science Thosecond na Teknụzụ, ịba ụba elu elu dị ka ihe karịrị iwu isii ma e jiri isi mmalite X-ray.

Igwe eletrik na-akwụghị ụgwọNwere ike ịnweta ikike nke Pargies Ọtụtụ iwu nke ịdị ukwuu karịa nke na-eji ike mkpokọta, nke na-aga n'ihu site na nchịkọta ikuku nke ikuku na-aga n'ihu na scisiciator. Na ike X-ray (ihe dị ka 0.01 nm ruo 0.1 nm nm na-efegharị), fel na usoro mkpọchi na usoro ọmụmụ ihe na-akpali akpali. Na x-ray dị nro (ihe dị ka 0.1 m ruo 10 nm n 'ụrọ), na teknụzụ nke cascade ọhụrụ. N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, a kọọla polsecond polses na ike elu nke 100 gw ka emee ka ọ bụrụ site na iji ya dị elu na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo elu (usoro).

Ndị otu nyocha ahụ ejirila usoro ihe abụọ dị na XFEl iji gosipụta X-ray Lowsond Poly Pollifon si na Linac CorentLight Isi Iyina ọkwa dị larịị, usoro dị ukwuu nke nsonaazụ kọrọ. A na-egosipụta usoro nnwale ahụ na eserese 1. Dabere na usoro ESAS, a na-ewu ewu na usoro foto, a na-ejikwa ndị agha eletrik dị elu, ma na-ejikwa Counsecond x-ray. Isi mmalite nke mbụ dị na ihu ihu elektrọn, dị ka egosiri na mpaghara aka ekpe, ma na-eme mgbanwe na-agbanwe agbanwe site na ngbanwe eletrik ma ọ bụ feel laser. N'ikpeazụ, a na-ejikwa magnetik nke abụọ na-eme ka a na-atụgharị x-rays site na nchịkọta nke CulseCond Pulses na ibe ọhụrụ.

FIG. 1 eserese na-ese ihe eji eme ihe. Ihe atụ ahụ na-egosi oghere dị ogologo (ihe ngosi nke electron, profaịlụ dị ugbu a (nke na-acha anụnụ anụnụ), na radieshon na-emepụta (odo odo). Igwe tụmpCav, X-Band Transvart; CVMI, na-akụda usoro ịchekwa usoro. Fzp, Fress Band Plate Spellrometer

A na-ewulite polsecond a na-ahụ anya site na mkpọtụ, yabụ akụkụ ọ bụla nwere ntụpọ na oge ngalaba, nke ndị na-eme nchọpụta enyochaala na nkọwa zuru ezu. N'ihe banyere ihe nlere, ha jiri efere Freseneters na-eji mpempe akwụkwọ na-ese ihe dị iche iche dị iche iche, ma chọpụta na a ga-eme ka ọ bụrụ mkpọmkpọ ebe nke abụọ. Na ngalaba ngalaba, a na-ahụ ụyọlọ ahụ angular na oge mbufe nke a na-ahụ maka akụkụ ahụ. Dị ka egosiri na eserese 1, a machibidoro Puy-ray Puyly na-egbochi onye ọkwọ ụgbọ mmiri. Foto ndị X-ray nke X-ray nwere ike iwepụta streak na-aga n'ihu na vector nke nwere ike infreared laser. N'ihi na ubi eletriki nke Laser na-agbagharị site na oge, na-enwe nsogbu nke honelectoron na-ekpebi oge a na-enwe mmekọrịta na oge nke foto Ọkpụkpụ. A na-eji ikesa pretonect bohotocumly na-eji ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ nkewa ngwa ngwa. Dabere na nsonaazụ nkesa na ihe nlere, ebili mmiri nke polsetod polses. Ọgụgụ 2 (a) na-egosi nkesa oge okpomọkụ, ya na otu 440 dịka. N'ikpeazụ, a na-eji nchọpụta nlegharị anya gas mee ka ike nke gas, na ala na-agbasasịkwa ụgbọ elu kachasị elu na ihe na-akpata oge dị ka eserese 2 (b). Ihe omume atọ ahụ dabara na ọnọdụ elektrik dị iche iche, ikuku na-efe efe na ndọta magnetictor na-egbu oge na-egbu oge. Nhazi atọ a na-enyekarị ike Pullenties nke 150, 200, na 260 μJ, na-eji ike kachasị elu nke 1.1 tw.

Ọgụgụ 2. (b) Fink Fink to Root Ike na Play

Na mgbakwunye, ọmụmụ ihe ahụ chọpụtara na nke mbụ ihe ịtụnanya nke sonomenon-dị ka nnukwuwanye na band X-ray, nke na-egosi dị ka mpaghara na-aga n'ihu n'oge a na-aga n'ihu. Ọ bụ mmekọrịta siri ike n'etiti electrons na radieshon, na ike na-ebufe ngwa ngwa site na elektrọn ruo isi nke X-ray na n 'ọdụ nke ahụ. Site n'ọmụmụ mmụta dị omimi nke ihe a, a na-atụ anya na enwere ike ị nweta usoro dị elu na ike dị elu ma mee ka mpaghara Persiton dị elu na ọnọdụ.