Ihe nchọpụta foto nke lithium niobate dị gịrịgịrị (LN)

Ihe nchọpụta foto nke lithium niobate dị gịrịgịrị (LN)

Lithium niobate (LN) nwere nhazi kristal pụrụ iche yana mmetụta anụ ahụ bara ụba, dịka mmetụta na-abụghị ahịrị, mmetụta electro-optic, mmetụta pyroelectric, na mmetụta piezoelectric. N'otu oge ahụ, ọ nwere uru nke windo nghọta optical wideband na nkwụsi ike ogologo oge. Njirimara ndị a na-eme ka LN bụrụ ikpo okwu dị mkpa maka ọgbọ ọhụrụ nke photonics agbakwunyere. Na ngwaọrụ anya na sistemụ optoelectronic, njirimara nke LN nwere ike inye ọrụ na arụmọrụ bara ụba, na-akwalite mmepe nke nkwukọrịta anya, kọmputa anya, na ubi mmetụta anya. Agbanyeghị, n'ihi adịghị ike nnabata na mkpuchi nke lithium niobate, ngwa ejikọtara nke lithium niobate ka na-eche nsogbu nke nchọpụta siri ike ihu. N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, akụkọ na mpaghara a gụnyere ọkachasị fotodetectors agbakwunyere na fotodetectors heterojunction.
Ihe nchọpụta foto nke onye ndu na-ejigharị ebili mmiri dabere na lithium niobate na-elekwasịkarị anya na eriri C nkwukọrịta optical (1525-1565nm). N'ihe gbasara ọrụ, LN na-arụ ọrụ nke ebili mmiri nduzi, ebe ọrụ nchọpụta optoelectronic na-adaberekarị na semiconductors dịka silicon, semiconductors otu III-V dị warara, na ihe abụọ nwere akụkụ. N'ime usoro ihe owuwu dị otú ahụ, a na-ebufe ìhè site na lithium niobate optical waveguides na obere mfu, wee na-etinye ya site na ihe ndị ọzọ na-ejigide mmetụta fotoelectric (dị ka photoconductivity ma ọ bụ mmetụta fotovoltaic) iji mee ka mkpokọta ihe na-ebu ibu dịkwuo elu ma gbanwee ya ka ọ bụrụ akara eletriki maka mmepụta. Uru ndị dị na ya bụ nnukwu bandwidth ọrụ (~GHz), obere voltaji ọrụ, obere nha, na ndakọrịta na njikọta chip photonic. Agbanyeghị, n'ihi nkewa oghere nke lithium niobate na ihe semiconductor, ọ bụ ezie na ha na-arụ ọrụ nke ha, LN na-arụ naanị ọrụ na ebili mmiri nduzi na ejirighị ihe ndị ọzọ dị mma nke mba ọzọ mee ihe nke ọma. Ihe semiconductor na-arụ naanị ọrụ na ntụgharị fotoelectric ma enweghị njikọ nkwado na ibe ha, na-ebute obere band ọrụ. N'ihe gbasara mmejuputa kpọmkwem, njikọ nke ìhè site na isi iyi ọkụ gaa na ntuziaka wavelength lithium niobate na-ebute nnukwu mfu na ihe achọrọ usoro siri ike. Na mgbakwunye, ike anya nke ìhè a na-enwu na ọwa ngwaọrụ semiconductor na mpaghara njikọ siri ike ịhazi, nke na-egbochi arụmọrụ nchọpụta ya.
OmenalafotodetectorA na-ejikarị ihe ndị e ji ese foto eme ihe na-adabere na ihe ndị e ji semiconductor mee. Ya mere, maka lithium niobate, obere ọsọ ya na ihe ndị na-egbochi ya na-eme ka ọ ghara ịdị mma n'aka ndị nchọpụta foto detector, ọ bụkwa ihe siri ike n'ọhịa ahụ. Agbanyeghị, mmepe nke teknụzụ heterojunction n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya ewetala olileanya na nnyocha nke photodetectors dabere na lithium niobate. Enwere ike itinye ihe ndị ọzọ nwere ike ịnweta ìhè siri ike ma ọ bụ conductivity dị mma na lithium niobate iji kwụọ ụgwọ maka adịghị ike ya. N'otu oge ahụ, polarization spontaneous kpalitere njirimara pyroelectric nke lithium niobate n'ihi anisotropy nhazi ya site na ịtụgharị gaa na okpomọkụ n'okpuru ìhè radieshon, si otú a gbanwee njirimara pyroelectric maka nchọpụta optoelectronic. Mmetụta okpomọkụ a nwere uru nke wideband na ịnya onwe onye, ​​​​enwere ike ijikọ ya nke ọma ma jikọta ya na ihe ndị ọzọ. Ojiji nke mmetụta okpomọkụ na photoelectric emepeela oge ọhụrụ maka photodetectors dabere na lithium niobate, na-enye ngwaọrụ ohere ijikọta uru nke mmetụta abụọ ahụ. Na iji mejupụta adịghị ike ma nweta njikọta mgbakwunye nke uru, Ọ bụ ebe a na-eme nnyocha n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya. Tinyere nke ahụ, iji ion implantation, band engineering, na defect engineering bụkwa ezigbo nhọrọ iji dozie nsogbu nke ịchọpụta lithium niobate. Agbanyeghị, n'ihi nnukwu nsogbu nhazi nke lithium niobate, ngalaba a ka na-eche nnukwu ihe ịma aka dị ka obere njikọta, ngwaọrụ na sistemụ onyonyo array, na arụmọrụ ezughi oke, nke nwere nnukwu uru na oghere nyocha.

Foto nke 1, site na iji ọnọdụ ike ntụpọ dị n'ime bandgap LN dị ka ebe ndị na-enye onyinye eletrọn, a na-emepụta ndị na-ebu ụgwọ n'efu na band conduction n'okpuru mkpali ìhè a na-ahụ anya. Ma e jiri ya tụnyere ndị na-achọpụta ihe na-egosi LN pyroelectric gara aga, nke a na-ejikarị ọsọ nzaghachi nke ihe dị ka 100Hz, nke aihe nchọpụta foto LNnwere ọsọ nzaghachi ngwa ngwa nke ruru 10kHz. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, n'ọrụ a, egosiri na LN magnesium ion doped nwere ike nweta mgbanwe ìhè mpụga na nzaghachi nke ruru 10kHz. Ọrụ a na-akwalite nnyocha na arụmọrụ dị elu naihe nchọpụta LN dị eluna owuwu nke ibe LN photonic nke nwere otu chip nke na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma.
Na nchịkọta, ngalaba nyocha nkeihe nchọpụta foto nke lithium niobate dị gịrịgịrịnwere mkpa sayensị dị mkpa na nnukwu ikike itinye ihe bara uru. N'ọdịnihu, site na mmepe nke teknụzụ na ime ka nchọpụta dịkwuo omimi, ihe nchọpụta foto dị gịrịgịrị lithium niobate (LN) ga-etolite iji nweta njikọta ka mma. Ijikọta ụzọ njikọta dị iche iche iji nweta arụmọrụ dị elu, nzaghachi ngwa ngwa, na ihe nchọpụta foto dị gịrịgịrị lithium niobate n'akụkụ niile ga-aghọ eziokwu, nke ga-akwalite mmepe nke njikọta on-chip na ubi nghọta nwere ọgụgụ isi, ma nye ohere karịa maka ọgbọ ọhụrụ nke ngwa photonics.