Usoro multiplexing anya na alụmdi na nwunye ha maka on-chip: nyocha

Usoro multiplexing anya na alụmdi na nwunye ha maka on-chip nangwa anya eriri nkwurịta okwu: nyocha

Usoro nyocha ọtụtụ ngwa anya bụ isiokwu nyocha ngwa ngwa, ndị ọkà mmụta n'ụwa niile na-eme nyocha miri emi na mpaghara a. N'ime afọ ndị gafeworonụ, a tụpụtawo ọtụtụ teknụzụ multiplex dị ka nkewa nkewa ịgbagharị agbagharị (WDM), nkewa nkewa nkewa (MDM), nkewa oghere ọtụtụ (SDM), polarization multiplexing (PDM) na orbital angular momentum multiplexing (OAMM). Teknụzụ wavelength nkewa multiplexing (WDM) na-enyere aka abụọ ma ọ bụ karịa ngwa anya akara ngosi nke dị iche iche wavelengths n'out oge site na otu eriri, na-eme nke ọma ojiji nke eriri si ala ọnwụ àgwà na nnukwu wavelength nso. Delange bu ụzọ chepụta echiche a na 1970, ọ bụghịkwa ruo 1977 ka malitere nyocha nke teknụzụ WDM, nke lekwasịrị anya na ntinye nke netwọkụ nkwukọrịta. Ebe ọ bụ na mgbe ahụ, na-aga n'ihu mmepe nkengwa anya eriri, ìhè isi iyi, fotodetectorna mpaghara ndị ọzọ, nyocha ndị mmadụ na teknụzụ WDM abawanyela ngwa ngwa. Uru nke polarization multiplexing (PDM) bụ na enwere ike ịba ụba nke nnyefe mgbaàmà, n'ihi na enwere ike kesaa akara ngosi abụọ nọọrọ onwe ha na ọnọdụ polarization orthogonal nke otu ìhè ọkụ, na ụzọ abụọ polarization na-ekewapụ na onwe ha na-achọpụta na ọwa ahụ. njedebe na-anata.

Ka ọchịchọ maka ọnụ ọgụgụ data dị elu na-aga n'ihu na-eto eto, ogo ikpeazụ nke nnwere onwe nke multiplexing, ohere, ka a na-amụ nke ọma n'ime afọ iri gara aga. N'ime ha, usoro nkewa multiplexing (MDM) bụ nke ndị na-ebugharị N na-ebutekarị, bụ nke a na-enweta site na ọnọdụ ọnọdụ ohere multiplexer. N'ikpeazụ, akara ngosi nke ọnọdụ oghere na-akwado na-ebufe na eriri dị ala. N'oge mgbaama propagation, niile ụdịdị na otu wavelength na-emeso dị ka a unit nke Space Division multiplexing (SDM) super channel, ie ha na-amụbawanye, attenuated na kwukwara n'out oge, na-enweghị ike nweta iche iche mode nhazi. Na MDM, a na-ekenye oghere oghere dị iche iche (ya bụ, ụdị dị iche iche) nke ụkpụrụ na ọwa dị iche iche. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, a na-eziga ọwa n'elu eriri laser nke emere ka triangle, square, ma ọ bụ okirikiri. Ụdị nke MDM na-eji na ngwa nke ụwa dị mgbagwoju anya ma nwee njirimara mgbakọ na mwepụ pụrụ iche. Nkà na ụzụ a bụ ihe ịrụ ụka adịghị ya na ọ bụ ọganihu kachasị mgbanwe na nnyefe data fiber optic kemgbe 1980s. Nkà na ụzụ MDM na-enye atụmatụ ọhụrụ iji mejuputa ọwa ndị ọzọ na ịbawanye ikike njikọ site na iji otu ụgbọelu na-ebugharị. Orbital angular momentum (OAM) bụ njirimara anụ ahụ nke ebili mmiri eletrọnịkị nke a na-ekpebi ụzọ mgbasa site n'akụkụ ihu igwe helical. Ebe enwere ike iji njirimara a guzobe ọtụtụ ọwa dị iche iche, ikuku orbital angular momentum multiplexing (OAMM) nwere ike ịbawanye ọnụego nnyefe nke ọma na mgbasa ozi dị elu ruo n'ókè (dịka ikuku azụ azụ ma ọ bụ n'ihu).