Gbanwee ọsọ obi nke laser ultrashort siri ike nke ukwuu

Gbanwee ọsọ obi nkelaser dị mkpụmkpụ siri ike nke ukwuu

Laser ndị dị mkpụmkpụ nke ukwuu na-ezo aka na pulses laser nwere obosara pulse nke iri na narị narị femtosekọnd, ike kachasị elu nke terawatts na petawatts, ike ọkụ ha lekwasịrị anya karịrị 1018 W/cm2. Laser ndị dị mkpụmkpụ nke ukwuu na isi iyi radieshon ya emepụtara na isi iyi ike dị elu nwere ọtụtụ uru ngwa n'ọtụtụ ntụziaka nyocha dị mkpa dịka physics ike dị elu, physics akụkụ, physics plasma, physics nuklia na astrophysics, mmepụta nke nsonaazụ nyocha sayensị nwere ike ijere ụlọ ọrụ teknụzụ dị elu ozi, ahụike ahụike, ike gburugburu ebe obibi na nchekwa nchekwa mba. Kemgbe e mepụtara teknụzụ mmụba pulse chipped na 1985, mmalite nke watt mbụ n'ụwa.laserna 1996 na mmecha nke laser watt iri mbụ n'ụwa na 2017, isi ihe laser dị mkpụmkpụ n'oge gara aga bụ iji nweta "ìhè kachasị ike". N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, ọmụmụ ihe egosila na n'ọnọdụ ịnọgide na-enwe mkpali laser dị elu, ọ bụrụ na enwere ike ijikwa ọsọ nnyefe pulse nke laser dị mkpụmkpụ dị elu, ọ nwere ike iweta okpukpu abụọ nke nsonaazụ ya na ọkara mgbalị na ụfọdụ ngwa anụ ahụ, nke a na-atụ anya na ọ ga-ebelata nha nke super ultra-short.ngwaọrụ laser, mana ọ na-eme ka mmetụta ya ka mma na nnwale fiziki laser dị elu.

Mgbagọ nke pulse n'ihu nke ultrashort laser siri ike
Iji nweta ike kachasị elu n'okpuru ike pere mpe, a na-ebelata obosara pulse ruo 20 ~ 30 femtosekọnd site na ịbawanye bandwit uru. Ike pulse nke laser ultra-short 10-beak-watt dị ugbu a dị ihe dị ka joules 300, oke mmebi dị ala nke compressor grating na-eme ka oghere pulse ahụ dịkwuo elu karịa 300 mm. Ogwe pulse nwere 20 ~ 30 femtosekọnd pulse obosara na oghere 300 mm dị mfe ibu mgbagọ njikọ spatiotemporal, ọkachasị mgbagọ nke ihu pulse. Foto 1 (a) na-egosi nkewa spatio-temporal nke ihu pulse na ihu phase nke mgbasa ọrụ bul na-akpata, nke mbụ na-egosikwa "ntụgharị spatio-temporal" ma e jiri ya tụnyere nke ikpeazụ. Nke ọzọ bụ "ntụgharị nke oge oghere" dị mgbagwoju anya karịa nke sistemụ lenses kpatara. Foto 1 (b) na-egosi mmetụta nke ihu pulse zuru oke, ihu pulse gbagọrọ agbagọ na mgbagọ spatio-temporal nke ubi ọkụ na ihe mgbaru ọsọ ahụ. N'ihi ya, ike ọkụ elekwasịrị anya na-ebelata nke ukwuu, nke na-adịghị mma maka ojiji ubi siri ike nke laser dị mkpụmkpụ dị oke mma.

FIG. 1 (a) ntụgharị nke ihu pulse nke prism na grating kpatara, na (b) mmetụta nke mgbanwe nke ihu pulse na ubi ọkụ oge oghere na ihe mgbaru ọsọ ahụ

Njikwa ọsọ Pulse nke siri ike nke ukwuulaser dị mkpụmkpụ
Ugbu a, ogwe Bessel nke e ji conical superposition nke plane ebili mmiri emepụta egosila uru ngwa na physics laser dị elu. Ọ bụrụ na ogwe pulsed conically overimposed nwere nkesa axisymmetric pulse front, mgbe ahụ ike etiti geometric nke ngwugwu ebili X-ray emepụtara dịka egosiri na Foto 2 nwere ike ịbụ superluminal na-adịgide adịgide, subluminal na-adịgide adịgide, superluminal na-agba ọsọ, na subluminal na-ebelata. Ọbụna njikọta nke enyo na-agbanwe agbanwe na ụdị phase light modulator nwere ike imepụta ọdịdị spatio-temporal nke pulse front, wee mepụta ọsọ nnyefe a na-achịkwaghị achịkwa. Mmetụta anụ ahụ dị n'elu na teknụzụ modulation ya nwere ike ịgbanwe "mgbanwe" nke pulse front ka ọ bụrụ "njikwa" nke pulse front, wee ghọta ebumnuche nke ịgbanwe ọsọ nnyefe nke ultra-short laser siri ike.

FIG. 2 (a) ọkụ na-agbanwe agbanwe na-adị ngwa ngwa karịa ìhè, (b) ọkụ na-agbanwe agbanwe, (c) ọkụ na-agba ọsọ ngwa ngwa karịa ìhè, na (d) ọkụ na-ebelata nke ọkụ na-enwu enwu nke superposition mepụtara dị na etiti geometric nke mpaghara superposition.

Ọ bụ ezie na nchọpụta nke mgbanwe ihu pulse dị tupu laser dị mkpụmkpụ, ọ na-echegbu onwe ya nke ukwuu yana mmepe nke laser dị mkpụmkpụ. Ruo ogologo oge, ọ naghị enyere aka imezu ebumnuche bụ isi nke laser dị mkpụmkpụ - ike ọkụ dị elu nke na-elekwasị anya, ndị nchọpụta anọwokwa na-arụ ọrụ iji gbochie ma ọ bụ wepụ mgbanwe ihu pulse dị iche iche. Taa, mgbe "ngbanwe ihu pulse" aghọọla "njikwa ihu pulse", o meela ka ọ dị mfe ịchịkwa ọsọ nnyefe nke laser dị mkpụmkpụ, na-enye ụzọ ọhụrụ na ohere ọhụrụ maka itinye laser dị mkpụmkpụ na fiziki laser dị elu.