Na nso nso a, Institute of Applied Physics nke Russian Academy of Sciences webatara eXawatt Center for Extreme Light Study (XCELS), mmemme nyocha maka nnukwu ngwaọrụ sayensị dabere na oke oke.elu ike lasers. Ihe oru ngo a gunyere owuwu nke okeelu ike laserdabere na teknụzụ ngwa anya parametric chirped pulse amplification technology na nnukwu oghere potassium dideuterium phosphate (DKDP, usoro kemịkalụ KD2PO4) kristal, yana ngụkọta mkpokọta 600 PW na-atụ anya ya. Ọrụ a na-enye nkọwa dị mkpa na nchoputa nyocha gbasara ọrụ XCELS na sistemu laser ya, na-akọwa ngwa na mmetụta nwere ike metụtara mmekọrịta ọkụ ọkụ siri ike.
Atụpụtara mmemme XCELS na 2011 na ebumnobi mbụ nke inweta ike kacha elulasermmepụta pulse nke 200 PW, nke emelitere ugbu a ruo 600 PW. Yausoro laserdabere na teknụzụ isi atọ:
(1) A na-eji teknụzụ Optical Parametric Chirped Pulse Amplification (OPCPA) kama iji omenala Chirped Pulse Amplification (Chirped Pulse Amplification, OPCPA). CPA) teknụzụ;
(2) Iji DKDP dị ka ihe na-enweta uru, ultra wideband na-emekọ ihe na-eme ka ọ dị nso 910 nm wavelength;
(3) A na-eji nnukwu oghere neodymium enyo laser nwere ike pulse nke puku joules na-agbapụta ihe nrịbama parametric.
Ultra-wideband usoro dakọtara ka a na-ahụ nke ọma n'ọtụtụ kristal ma ejiri ya na OPCPA femtosecond lasers. A na-eji kristal DKDP mee ihe n'ihi na ọ bụ naanị ihe a na-ahụ na omume nwere ike itolite ruo iri centimeters nke oghere ma n'otu oge ahụ nwere àgwà anya ndị a na-anabata iji kwado nkwalite nke ike multi-PW.lasers. Achọpụtara na mgbe a na-agbanye kristal DKDP site na ọkụ ugboro abụọ nke laser glas ND, ọ bụrụ na ihe na-ebu ibu nke pulse amụbawanye bụ 910 nm, usoro atọ mbụ nke mgbasawanye Taylor nke vector vector mismatch bụ 0.
Ọgụgụ 1 bụ nhazi nhazi nke sistemụ laser XCELS. N'ihu n'ihu emepụtara pulses femtosecond chirped nke nwere ogologo ogologo nke 910 nm (1.3 na eserese 1) na 1054 nm nanosecond pulses etinyere n'ime OPCPA pumped laser (1.1 na 1.2 na eserese 1). N'ihu ihu na-ahụkwa na mmekọrịta nke pulses ndị a yana ike achọrọ na paramita spatiotemporal. OPCPA etiti na-arụ ọrụ n'ogo nkwughachi dị elu (1 Hz) na-amụba usu a na-akụ mkpu ruo iri iri joules (2 na eserese 1). Onye na-akwalite OPCPA na-emewanye usu ahụ ka ọ bụrụ otu kilojoule beam wee kewaa ya n'ime obere osisi iri na abụọ (4 na eserese 1). Na ikpeazụ 12 OPCPA, nke ọ bụla n'ime 12 chirped ọkụ pulses na-ebuwanye ibu na kilojoule larịị (5 na Figure 1) wee mpikota onu site 12 compression gratings (GC nke 6 na Figure 1). A na-eji ihe nzacha acousto-optic programmable dispersion filter na njedebe n'ihu iji chịkwaa oke ọsọ ọsọ nke otu na mgbasa ozi dị elu, iji nweta obosara usu kacha nta. Ụdị pulse dị n'ụdị nwere ọdịdị nke ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 12th-order supergauss, yana bandwidth spekitirị na 1% nke uru kachasị bụ 150 nm, kwekọrọ na Fourier transform limit obosara nke 17fs. N'ịtụle nkwụghachi ụgwọ mgbasa ozi na-ezughị ezu yana ihe isi ike nke nkwụghachi ụgwọ oge na-adịghị na ya na ihe nrịbama parametric, obosara usu a na-atụ anya bụ 20 fs.
Laser XCELS ga-eji 8-channel UFL-2M neodymium iko laser ugboro ugboro abụọ modulu (3 na eserese 1), nke a ga-eji ọwa 13 mee ka OPCPA Booster na 12 ikpeazụ OPCPA. A ga-eji ọwa atọ fọdụrụnụ dị ka nanosecond kilojoule pulsed nọọrọ onwe yaisi mmalite lasermaka nnwale ndị ọzọ. Oke site na ọnụ ụzọ ndakpọ anya nke kristal DKDP, a na-edobe ike irradiation nke pulse na-agbapụta na 1.5 GW / cm2 maka ọwa ọ bụla na ogologo oge bụ 3.5 ns.
Ọwa ọ bụla nke laser XCELS na-emepụta pulses nwere ike nke 50 PW. Ngụkọta ọwa 12 na-enye ike mmepụta mkpokọta nke 600 PW. N'ime ụlọ a na-achọsi ike, ike kachasị elekwasị anya nke ọwa ọ bụla n'okpuru ọnọdụ dị mma bụ 0.44 × 1025 W / cm2, na-eche na a na-eji ihe na-elekwasị anya F/1 maka ilekwasị anya. Ọ bụrụ na ọkpụkpụ nke ọwa ọ bụla na-agbanyekwu na 2.6 fs site na usoro mkpakọ post-mmetụta, a ga-amụba ike mmepụta ihe kwekọrọ na 230 PW, kwekọrọ na ọkụ ọkụ nke 2.0 × 1025 W / cm2.
Iji nweta ọkụ ọkụ ka ukwuu, na 600 PW mmepụta, ọkụ ọkụ na ọwa 12 ga-elekwasị anya na geometry nke inverse dipole radieshon, dị ka e gosiri na Figure 2. Mgbe usoro pulse na ọwa ọ bụla adịghị ekpochi, ike na-elekwasị anya nwere ike. iru 9 × 1025 W/cm2. Ọ bụrụ na akpọchie ma mekọrịta usoro pulse ọ bụla, ọkụ ọkụ na-esi na ya pụta ga-abawanye ruo 3.2 × 1026 W/cm2. Na mgbakwunye na ọnụ ụlọ ebumnuche bụ isi, ọrụ XCELS gụnyere ihe ruru ụlọ nyocha ndị ọrụ iri, nke ọ bụla na-anata otu mgbịrịgba ma ọ bụ karịa maka nnwale. N'iji oghere ọkụ a siri ike, ọrụ XCELS na-ezube ime nnwale n'ụdị anọ: usoro quantum electrodynamics na mpaghara laser siri ike; The mmepụta na osooso nke ahụ; Ọgbọ nke abụọ electromagnetic radieshon; Laboratory astrophysics, usoro njupụta ume dị elu na nyocha nchọpụta.
FIG. 2 Na-elekwasị anya geometry n'ime ụlọ ebumnuche ebumnuche. Maka idoanya, a na-edobe enyo parabolic nke beam 6 ka ọ pụta ìhè, ntinye na ntinye na ntinye na-egosi naanị ọwa abụọ 1 na 7
Ọgụgụ 3 na-egosi nhazi oghere nke mpaghara ọ bụla na-arụ ọrụ nke sistemụ laser XCELS na ụlọ nnwale. Igwe ọkụ eletrik, mgbapụta agụụ, ọgwụgwọ mmiri, ịdị ọcha na ntụ oyi dị na okpuru ulo. Ngụkọta ebe a na-ewu ihe karịrị 24,000 m2. Ngụkọta ike oriri bụ ihe dịka 7.5MW. Ụlọ nnwale ahụ nwere etiti dị n'ime oghere n'ozuzu ya na akụkụ dịpụrụ adịpụ, nke ọ bụla wuru n'elu ntọala abụọ agbakwunyere. A na-arụnye oghere na sistem ndị ọzọ na-eme mkpọtụ na ntọala dịpụrụ adịpụ nke ịma jijiji, nke mere na njupụta nke nsogbu ahụ na-ebufe na sistemụ laser site na ntọala na nkwado na-ebelata ka ọ na-erughị 10-10 g2 / Hz n'ọtụtụ oge. 1-200 Hz. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, a na-edobe netwọk nke ihe nrịbama geodesic n'ime ụlọ laser iji nyochaa nhazi nke ala na akụrụngwa.
Ọrụ XCELS bu n'obi imepụta nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ nyocha sayensị dabere na lasers ike kacha elu. Otu ọwa nke sistemụ laser XCELS nwere ike inye ọkụ ọkụ lekwasịrị anya ọtụtụ ugboro karịa 1024 W/cm2, nke enwere ike gafere 1025 W/cm2 site na teknụzụ mkpakọ mgbe. Site na ntụgharị uche dipole sitere na ọwa 12 na sistemụ laser, ike dị nso na 1026 W / cm2 nwere ike nweta ọbụlagodi na-enweghị mkpakọ post-mkpọchi na oge mkpọchi. Ọ bụrụ na akpọchiri usoro mmekọrịta n'etiti ọwa, ike ọkụ ga-adị elu ọtụtụ ugboro. N'iji ihe nrịbama ụda nke na-agbaji ihe ndekọ na nhazi nke ọtụtụ ọwa, ụlọ ọrụ XCELS ga-eme n'ọdịnihu ga-enwe ike ịme nnwale na oke ike dị oke elu, nkesa ọkụ dị mgbagwoju anya, na nyochaa mmekọrịta site na iji eriri laser multi-channel na radieshon nke abụọ. Nke a ga-arụ ọrụ pụrụ iche n'ọhịa nke physics nnwale physics electromagnetic siri ike.
Oge nzipu: Mar-26-2024